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KMID : 0381120090310040293
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Genes and Genomics
2009 Volume.31 No. 4 p.293 ~ p.303
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ITS2 Ribosomal DNA Sequence Variation of the Bumblebee, Bombus ardens (Hymenoptera: Apidae)
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Oh Hyung-Keun
Hwang Jae-Sam
Kim Seong-Ryul
Kim Ik-Soo
Yoon Hyung-Joo
Kim Min-Jee
Bae Chang-Hwan
Jeong Hyung-Uk
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Abstract
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The bumblebee species, Bombus, is an invaluable natural resource for greenhouse pollination. Low levels of genetic variation of Bombus ardens have been reported in a previous mitochondrial (mt) gene study. In this study, we sequenced the complete internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2) of the nuclear rDNA obtained from 100 B. ardens individuals collected from several Korean localities, in an effort to assess its usefulness in characterizing the genetic diversity and relationships among populations of B. ardens. The ITS2 sequences of B. ardens were shown to be longest among known insects, ranging in size from 1,971 ? 1,984 bp. The sequences harbor four duplicated repeats?~27 bp repeats, ~20 bp repeats, ~33 bp repeats, and ~34 bp repeats?which have never before been reported in other insect ITS2 rDNA. The maximum sequence divergence of 1.01% among 96 sequence types confirmed the applicability of this molecule to the study of intraspecific variation, revealing higher sequence variation as compared to the previously studied mt COI gene. Overall, a very high per generation migration ratio (Nm = 5.83 ~ infinite) and a very low level of genetic fixation (FST =0 ? 0.08) were noted to exist among populations of B. ardens. The high estimation of gene flow among most populations?in particular, between the remote island Ulleungdo and several inland populations?suggest that historical events may be more responsible for the contemporary population structure of B. ardens. The finding of the lowest genetic diversity (π) in the population on Ulleungdo Island (π = 0.007434) may be reflective of a relatively small population size and the geographical isolation of the population as compared with other inland populations.
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KEYWORD
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ITS2, Bombus ardens, hymenoptera, geographic variation, genetic diversity
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